Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel 304 Table 2. Typical mechanical properties for 304 stainless steel alloys | Grade | 304 | 304L | 304H | | Tensile Strength (MPa) | 520 | 500 | 520 | | Compression Strength (MPa) | 210 | 210 | 210 | | Proof Stress 0.2% (MPa) | 210 | 200 | 210 | | Elongation A5 (%) | 45 | 45 | 45 | | Hardness Rockwell B | 92 | 92 | 92 | Physical Properties of Stainless Steel 304 Table 3. Typical mechanical properties for 304 stainless steel alloys | Property | Value | | Density | 8.00 g/cm3 | | Melting Point | 1400-1450°C | | Modulus of Elasticity | 193 GPa | | Electrical Resistivity | 0.072x10-6 Ω.m | | Thermal Conductivity | 16.2 W/m.K at 100°C | | Thermal Expansion | 17.2x10-6 /K at 100°C | Alloy Designations Stainless steel 304 also corresponds to the following standard designations and specifications: | Euronorm | UNS | BS | En | Grade | | 1.4301 | S30400 | 304S15 304S16 304S31 | 58E | 304 | | 1.4306 | S30403 | 304S11 | - | 304L | | 1.4307 | - | 304S11 | - | 304L | | 1.4311 | - | 304S11 | - | 304L | | 1.4948 | S30409 | 304S51 | - | 304H | Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel 304 Stainless steel 304 has excellent corrosion resistance in a wide variety of environments and when in contact with different corrosive media. Pitting and crevice corrosion can occur in environments containing chlorides. Stress corrosion cracking can occur at temperatures over 60°C. Heat Resistance of Stainless Steel 304 Stainless steel 304 has good resistance to oxidation in intermittent service up to 870°C and in continuous service to 925°C. However, continuous use at 425-860°C is not recommended if corrosion resistance in water is required. In this instance 304L is recommended due to its resistance to carbide precipitation. Where high strength is required at temperatures above 500°C and up to 800°C, grade 304H is recommended. This material will retain aqueous corrosion resistance. Fabrication of Stainless Steel 304 Fabrication of all stainless steels should be done only with tools dedicated to stainless steel materials. Tooling and work surfaces must be thoroughly cleaned before use. These precautions are necessary to avoid cross contamination of stainless steel by easily corroded metals that may discolour the surface of the fabricated product. Cold Working of Stainless Steel 304 Stainless steel 304 readily work hardens. Fabrication methods involving cold working may require an intermediate annealing stage to alleviate work hardening and avoid tearing or cracking. At the completion of fabrication a full annealing operation should be employed to reduce internal stresses and optimise corrosion resistance. Hot Working of Stainless Steel 304 Fabrication methods, like forging, that involve hot working should occur after uniform heating to 1149-1260°C. The fabricated components should then be rapidly cooled to ensure maximum corrosion resistance. Heat Treatment of Stainless Steel 304 Stainless steel 304 cannot be hardened by heat treatment. Solution treatment or annealing can be done by rapid cooling after heating to 1010-1120°C. Machinability Stainless steel 304 has good machinability. Machining can be enhanced by using the following rules: · Cutting edges must be kept sharp. Dull edges cause excess work hardening. · Cuts should be light but deep enough to prevent work hardening by riding on the surface of the material. · Chip breakers should be employed to assist in ensuring swarf remains clear of the work · Low thermal conductivity of austenitic alloys results in heat concentrating at the cutting edges. This means coolants and lubricants are necessary and must be used in large quantities. Welding of Stainless Steel 304 Fusion welding performance for Stainless steel 304 is excellent both with and without fillers. Recommended filler rods and electrodes for stainless steel 304 is grade 308 stainless steel. For 304L the recommended filler is 308L. Heavy welded sections may require post-weld annealing. This step is not required for 304L. Grade 321 may be used if post-weld heat treatment is not possible. Applications of Stainless Steel 304 Stainless steel 304 is typically used in: · Sinks and splashbacks · Saucepans · Cutlery and flatware · Architectural panelling · Sanitaryware and troughs · Tubing · Brewery, dairy, food and pharmaceutical production equipment · Springs, nuts, bolts and screws Supplied Forms Stainless steel 304 is typically supplied by Aalco in a range of finishes in the following forms: · Sheet · Plate · Welded mesh · Quarto plate · Round bar · Flat bar and rolled edge flat bar · Equal angle · Square bar · Hollow bar · Seamless pipe · Welded pipe · Seamless butt weld fittings · Welded butt weld fittings · Flanges · Seamless tube · Hygienic fittings · Round, square and rectangular decorative tube | 
Aalco - Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals Stockist
