Stainless Steel - Grade 305 (UNS S30500)

Topics Covered

Introduction
Chemical Composition
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Other Designations
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
     Machinability
     Welding
     Hot Working
     Cold Working
     Annealing
     Hardening
Applications

Introduction

Stainless steels are high-alloy steels which have higher corrosion resistance than other steels owing to the presence of large amounts of chromium in the range of 4 to 30%.

Stainless steels are classified into martensitic, ferritic and austenitic based on their crystalline structure. In addititon, they form another group known as precipitation-hardened steels, which are a combination of martensitic and austenitic steels.

The following datasheet will provide more details about grade 305 stainless steel, which has maximum formability, good strength and corrosion resistance.

Chemical Composition

The following table shows the chemical composition of grade 305 stainless steel.

Element Content (%)
Iron, Fe 67
Chromium, Cr 18
Nickel, Ni 12
Manganese, Mn ≤ 2
Silicon, Si ≤ 1
Carbon, C 0.12
Phosphorous, P 0.045
Sulfur, S 0.030

Physical Properties

The physical properties of grade 305 stainless steel are given in the following table.

Properties Metric Imperial
Density 8 g/cm3 0.289 lb/in³
Melting point 1454°C 2650°F

Mechanical Properties

The mechanical properties of annealed grade 305 stainless steel are displayed in the following table.

Properties Metric Imperial
Tensile strength, ultimate 585 MPa 84800 psi
Tensile strength, yield (@0.2%) 260 MPa 37700 psi
Modulus of elasticity 193 GPa 28000 ksi
Shear modulus 86 GPa 12500 ksi
Elongation at break (in 50 mm) 50 50
Hardness, Brinell 80 80
Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) 97 97
Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness) 45 45
Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) 82 82

Thermal Properties

The following table outlines the thermal properties of grade 305 stainless steel.

Properties Metric Imperial
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@0-100°C/32-212°F) 17.3 µm/m°C 9.61 µin/in°F
Thermal conductivity (@0-100°C/32-212°F) 16.3 W/mK 113 BTU in/hr.ft².°F

Other Designations

Other designations that are equivalent to grade 305 stainless steel include the following.

AMS 5514 ASTM A240 ASTM A478 QQ S766
AMS 5686 ASTM A249 ASTM A492 DIN 1.4303
ASME SA193 ASTM A276 ASTM A493 UNI X 8 CrNi 19 10
ASME SA194 ASTM A313 ASTM A511 JIS SUS 305
ASME SA240 ASTM A314 ASTM A554 JIS SUS 305 J1
ASTM A167 ASTM A320 (B8P, B8PA) ASTM A580 SAE 30305
ASTM A193 (B8P, B8PA) ASTM A368 DIN 1.4303 SAE J405 (30305)
ASTM A194 (8P, 8PA) ASTM A473 QQ S763  
       

Fabrication and Heat Treatment

Machinability

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Grade 305 stainless steel can be machined through slow speeds and heavy feeds.

Welding

Grade 305 stainless steel can be welded using most of the resistance and fusion methods. Oxyacetylene welding is not preferred for this steel.

Hot Working

Hot working of grade 305 stainless steel can be done at 1149 to 1260°C (2100 to 2300°F). This process is followed by rapid cooling to obtain maximum corrosion resistance.

Cold Working

Grade 305 stainless steel can be drawn, spun, headed and blanked due to its low work hardening rate.

Annealing

Grade 305 stainless steel can be annealed at temperature ranging from 1010 to 1121°C (1850 to 2050°F) followed by rapid cooling.

Hardening

Grade 305 stainless steel is unresponsive to heat treatment. The hardness and strength of the steel can be increased through cold working.

Applications

The following are the major applications of grade 305 stainless steel:

  • Spun or deep drawn eyelets
  • Barrels
  • Shells
  • Cold headed rivets or screws

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