A ferromagnetic material that possesses permanent magnetic properties, even when it is not located within a magnetic field, is known as a permanent magnet.
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It is known that one end of the magnet is called the north pole while the other is the south pole. North and south poles attract. This attraction is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two poles. On the contrary, like poles (i.e., north-north or south-south) repel each other.
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The imaginary lines that indicate the direction of the magnetic field at a certain point are known as lines of flux. They can be seen by placing a sheet of paper on the magnet before sprinkling some iron filings on the paper. For magnets, the iron filings will cluster along the lines of flux, allowing them to become visible.
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It is possible in certain circumstances for a permanent magnet can lose its magnetic properties. This can be caused by high temperature, a physical shock such as an impact or exposure to external magnetic fields.
Goudsmit magnets have alleviated this problem, and so the loss of magnetic properties can be considered negligible. This is provided that they are used within the specified operating parameters, which pertain to aspects such as temperature range and vicinity to external magnetic fields.
Most permanent magnets are made of steel. However there are now various alloys available which are better suited for this purpose.
Goudsmit supplies magnets and magnet systems based on the following four main categories of magnetic materials:
- Aluminum-Nickel-Cobalt (AlNiCo) magnets
- Ferrite magnets
- Samarium-Cobalt (SmCo) magnets
- Neodymium-Iron-Borium (NdFeB) magnets (sold under the brand name Neoflux®)
This information has been sourced, reviewed and adapted from materials provided by Goudsmit Magnetics Group.
For more information on this source, please visit Goudsmit Magnetics Group.