Sep 17 2012
Topics Covered
IntroductionChemical CompositionPhysical PropertiesMechanical PropertiesThermal Properties Other DesignationsFabrication and Heat Treatment Machinability Welding Heat Treatment AnnealingApplications
Introduction
Aluminium bronzes are copper alloys, that contain about 5 to 12% of aluminium. In addition, aluminium bronzes also contain nickel, silicon, manganese, and iron. They are found in wrought and cast form. Due to the presence of hard, adherent, protective alumina film, they are stronger than that of brasses or tin bronzes. They have high corrosion resistance, and are golden in color.
Chemical Composition
The following table shows chemical composition of UNS C95400 copper alloy.
| Element |
Content (%) |
| Cu |
85 |
| Fe |
4 |
| Al |
11 |
Physical Properties
The physical properties of UNS C95400 copper alloy are tabulated below:
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Density |
7.45 g/cm3 |
0.269 lb/in3 |
| Melting point |
1025 - 1040°C |
1877 - 1900°F |
Mechanical Properties
The following table shows mechanical properties of C95400 copper alloy.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Hardness, Brinell ( as cast; 3000 kg) |
170 |
170 |
| Hardness, Brinell(TQ50 temper; 3000 kg) |
195 |
195 |
| Hardness, Rockwell B (as cast) |
83 |
83 |
| Hardness, Rockwell B (TQ50 temper) |
94 |
94 |
| Tensile strength, ultimate (as cast) |
515 MPa |
74700 psi |
| Tensile strength, ultimate (TQ50 temper) |
620 MPa |
89900 psi |
| Tensile strength, yield ( as cast) |
205 MPa |
29700 psi |
| Tensile strength, yield(TQ50 temper) |
310 MPa |
45000 psi |
| Elongation at break (TQ50 temper, in 50 mm) |
8% |
8% |
| Elongation at break (as cast, in 50 mm) |
12% |
12% |
| Reduction of area (TQ50 temper) |
6% |
6% |
| Reduction of area (as cast) |
12% |
12% |
| Creep strength (for 10E-5%/h, at 425°C) |
20.0 MPa |
2900 psi |
| Creep strength (for 10E-5%/h, at 370°C) |
30.0 MPa |
4350 psi |
| Creep strength (for 10-E5%/h, at 315°C) |
51.0 MPa |
7400 psi |
| Creep strength (for 10E-5%/h, at 230°C) |
115 MPa |
16700 psi |
| Modulus of Elasticity |
110 GPa |
16000 ksi |
| Compressive strength ( as cast) |
940 MPa |
136000 psi |
| Compressive strength (TQ50 temper) |
1070 MPa |
155000 psi |
| Poisson’s ratio |
0.316 |
0.316 |
| Charpy impact (keyhole, TQ50 temper) |
9.00 J |
6.64 ft-lb |
| Charpy impact (keyhole, as cast) |
15.0 J |
11.1 ft-lb |
| Izod impact (TQ50 temper) |
15.0 J |
11.1 ft-lb |
| Izod impact (as cast) |
22.0 J |
16.2 ft-lb |
| Fatigue strength (@# of cycles 1.00e+8 , reverse bending) |
240 MPa |
34800 psi |
| Machinability (UNS C36000 (free-cutting brass) = 100%) |
60% |
60% |
| Shear modulus |
41.0 GPa |
5950 ksi |
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of UNS C95400 copper alloy are outlined in the following table.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| CTE, linear (@ 20.0 - 300°C/68.0 - 572°F) |
16.2 μm/m°C |
9.00 μin/in°F |
| Specific heat capacity |
0.420 J/g°C |
0.100 BTU/lb°F |
| Thermal conductivity (@ 20.0°C/68.0°F) |
59.0 W/m-K |
409 BTU-in/hr-ft2 °F |
| Solidus |
1025°C |
1877°F |
| Liquidus |
1040°C |
1900°F |
Other Designations
Other designations that are equivalent to UNS C95400 copper alloy include:
- ASME SB148
- ASME SB271
- ASTM B148
- ASTM B271
- ASTM B30
- ASTM B505
- ASTM B763
- ASTM B806
- MIL C-11866
- QQ C390
- SAE J461
- SAE J462
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Machinability
The machinability of UNS C95400 copper alloy is about 60%.
Welding
Soldering, carbon arc welding, brazing, coated metal arc welding, and gas shielded arc welding are most commonly used methods for welding UNS C95400 copper alloy.
Heat Treatment
UNS C95400 copper alloy is heated at a temperature of about 870 to 910°C (1600 to 1675°F). Stress is relieved at a temperature of about 316°C (600°F). It is then quenched in water.
Annealing
UNS C95400 copper alloy is annealed at 620 to 660°C (1150 to 1225°F). The time taken for annealing is about 1 hr/in. of section thickness.
Applications
Aluminium bronzes are used in sea water applications that include:
- Bearings
- Pipe fittings
- Pumps and valve components
- Fasteners
- Heat exchangers