Written by AZoMNov 19 2002
Chemical Formula
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Ti3Al2.5V
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Background
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Ti3Al2.5V (Grade 9)
This alloy is sometimes referred to as ‘half 6-4’. It offers 20 to 50% higher strength than commercially pure grades, but is more formable and weldable than Ti6Al4V. It is principally used as tubing in aircraft engine hydraulic systems, for high strength corrosion resisting applications such as golf club shafts, tennis rackets, bicycle frames etc.
Ti3Al2.5V0.05Pd (Grade 18)
Grade 18 is identical to Grade 9 with the exception of the addition of palladium to increase the corrosion resistance. Mechanical and physical properties, specifications and forms are all identical to those of Grade 9.
The alloys composition differs by the addition of 0.04-0.08% Pd.
Composition
Table 1. The composition of Ti3Al2.5.
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C
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<0.08%
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N2
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<0.03%
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O2
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<0.15%
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V
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2.0-3.0%
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Al
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2.5-3.5%
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Fe
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<0.25%
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H2
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<0.015%
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Ti
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Balance
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Designations
Other designations for Ti3Al2.5 include:
• AMS 4943
• AMS 4944
• AMS 4945
• ASTM B265 Gr9 and Gr18
• ASTM B337 Gr9
• ASTM B338 Gr9 and Gr18
• ASTM B348 Gr9 and Gr18
• ASTM B381 Gr9
• MIL –T –9047
• MIL –T –9046 AB5
• ASTM B264 Gr9
• ASTM B348 Gr9
• UNS R56320 Grade 9
• UNS 56322 Grade 18
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Key Properties
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Physical Properties
Table 2. Typical physical properties for Ti3Al2.5.
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Density g/cm3 (lb/ cu in)
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4.48 (0.161)
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Melting Range °C±15°C (°F)
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1704 (3099)
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Volume Electrical Resistivity ohm.cm (phm.in)
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124 (49)
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Thermal Conductivity W/m.K (BTU/ft.h.°F)
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7.6 (53)
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Mean Co-Efficient of Thermal Expansion 0-300°C /°C (0-572°F /°F)
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7.9x10-6 (4.4)
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Beta Transus °C±15°C (°F)
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935 (1715)
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Mechanical Properties
Table 3. Typical mechanical properties for Ti3Al2.5 (data obtained for bar and plate 1” (25.4mm) thick, annealed.
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Tensile Strength MPa (ksi)
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621 (90)
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740 (107)
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0.2% Proof Stress MPa (ksi)
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483 (70)
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607 (88)
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Elongation Over 2 Inches %
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15
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17
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Elastic Modulus GPa (msi)
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91 (13)
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Hardness Rockwell C
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15
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Specified Bend Radius <0.070 in x Thickness
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2.5
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Charpy, V-notch Impact J (ft.lbf) (L-Direction pipe)
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48 (35)
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Short-term Creep 1% strain MPa (ksi) (1000 hrs @ 250°C (480°F))
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400 (58)
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Stress Rupture MPa (ksi) (1000 hrs @ 250°C (480°F))
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421 (61)
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Fabrication
• Weldability – Good
• Forging – Rough 871-899°C (1600-1650°F), finish 843-871°C (1550-1600°F)
• Annealing – 593-760°C (1100-1400°F), 1-3hr, AC
• Solution Treating – 871-927°C (1600-1700°F), 15-20 min, WQ.
• Ageing – 482-510°C (900-950°F), 2-8hr, AC.
• Stress Relief Annealing – 316-649°C (600-1200°F), 1-3 hrs, AC.
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Applications
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As mentioned previously, this alloy is primarily used in golf club shafts, tennis rackets and bicycle frames.
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Source: Titanium Information Group.
For more information on this source please visit Titanium Information Group.
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