Aug 6 2012
Topics Covered
IntroductionChemical CompositionPhysical PropertiesMechanical PropertiesThermal PropertiesOther DesignationsFabrication and Heat Treatment Annealing Cold Working Welding Machinability Hot WorkingApplications
Introduction
UNS C31400 alloys are a type of bronze alloys that are characterized by moderate corrosion resistance. Other types of bronze alloys include:
- Phosphor bronze
- Tin bronze
- Aluminum bronze
- Silicon bronze
- Architectural bronze
- Manganese bronze
The datasheet given below provides an overview of UNS C31400 leaded bronze alloys.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of UNS C31400 leaded bronze alloys is outlined in the following table.
| Element |
Content (%) |
| Cu |
89.0 |
| Pb |
1.75 |
| Zn |
9.25 |
Physical Properties
The following table shows the physical properties of UNS C31400 leaded bronze alloys.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Density |
8.83 g/cc |
0.319 lb/in³ |
| Melting point |
1010°C |
1850°F |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of UNS C31400 leaded bronze alloys are displayed in the following table.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Tensile strength (depending on temper) |
255-414 MPa |
37000-60000 psi |
| Yield strength (depending on temper) |
83.0-379 MPa |
12000-55000 psi |
| Elongation at break (in 254 mm) |
45.00% |
45.00% |
| Modulus of elasticity |
117 GPa |
16969 ksi |
| Poisson’s ratio |
0.34 |
0.34 |
| Machinability (UNS C36000 (free-cutting brass) = 100) |
80 |
80 |
| Shear modulus |
45.0 GPa |
6530 ksi |
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of UNS C31400 leaded bronze alloys are given in the following table.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Thermal expansion co-efficient (@20-300°C/68-572°F) |
18.4 µm/m°C |
10.2 µin/in°F |
| Thermal conductivity (@20°C/68°F) |
180 W/mK |
1250 BTU in/hr.ft².°F |
Other Designations
Equivalent materials to UNS C31400 leaded bronze alloys are:
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Annealing
UNS C31400 leaded bronze alloys are annealed between 427 and 649°C (800 and 1200°F).
Cold Working
UNS C31400 alloys have good cold working capacity.
Welding
Welding processes that can be used for UNS C31400 alloys include brazing, butt welding and soldering. Welding processes not recommended for these alloys include seam welding, coated metal arc welding, oxyacetylene welding, spot welding and gas shielded arc welding.
Machinability
UNS C31400 leaded bronze alloys have a machinability rating of 80.
Hot Working
UNS C31400 alloys have poor hot forming capacity.
Applications
UNS C31400 leaded bronze alloys are used for fasteners, pole line hardware and architectural hardware.