Sep 27 2012
Topics Covered
Introduction
Chemical Composition
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Other Designations
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Annealing
Cold Working
Welding
Forging
Forming
Machinability
Heat Treatment
Hot Working
Hardening
Applications
Introduction
Aluminium / Aluminum alloys have strong corrosion resistance
characteristics and high electrical conductivity. The strength of these
alloys increase at subzero temperatures and strength is lost when these
alloys are exposed to high temperatures. Aluminium / Aluminum alloys
are good low-temperature alloys and are sensitive to high temperatures
ranging between 200 and 250°C (392 and 482°F).
The following datasheet provides an overview of Aluminium / Aluminum
2014 alloy.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy is
outlined in the following table.
| Element |
Content
(%) |
| Aluminium / Aluminum, Al |
93.5 |
| Copper, Cu |
4.4 |
| Silicon, Si |
0.8 |
| Magnesium, Mg |
0.5 |
Cromium, Cr
|
0.1 (Max)
|
Manganese, Mn
|
0.6
|
Physical Properties
The following table shows the physical properties of Aluminium /
Aluminum 2014 alloy.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Density |
2.8 g/cm3 |
0.1018 lb/in3 |
| Melting point |
510°C |
950°F |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy are
displayed in the following table.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Elastic modulus |
70-80 GPa |
10152-11603 ksi |
| Poisson's ratio |
0.33 |
0.33 |
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy are given
in the following table.
| Properties |
Conditions |
| T
(ºC) |
Treatment |
| Thermal expansion |
23 (10-6/ºC) |
20-100 |
- |
| Thermal conductivity |
192 (W/mK) |
25 |
O |
Other Designations
Equivalent materials to Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy are given in
the table below.
| ASTM B210 |
ASTM B211 |
ASTM B221 |
ASTM B241 |
ASTM B247 |
| ASTM BB241 |
DIN 3.1255 |
MIL T-15089 |
QQ A-200/2 |
QQ A-225/4 |
| QQ A-250/4 |
QQ A-367 |
SAE J454 |
|
|
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Annealing
Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy can be annealed at 413°C (775°F) for
2 to 3 hours. The alloy is then cooled each hour between 10 and 260°C
(50 and 500°F) that is followed by air cooling.
Cold Working
Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy can be cold worked in the T4 and T3
tempers. Tight bend radii is not recommended for this alloy.
Welding
The inert gas consumable arc method is recommended for welding
Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy. Filler rods of either 2017 alloy or
2014 alloy are used in the welding process. Fixturing is arranged for
minimum strength as this alloy is subject to cracking during the
welding process.
Forging
Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy can be forged between 399 and 454°C
(750 and 850°F).
Forming
Conventional methods are used for forming Aluminium / Aluminum 2014
alloy. The forming process is performed in the T3 or T4 temper and
tight bend radius is not recommended for this welding process.
Machinability
Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy has good machinability in the
annealed condition and usage of kerosene or oil is recommended for this
machining process. Usage of 20° side rake, 10° clearance and 15° top
rake is ess ential for lathe cutting.
Heat Treatment
Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy is heat treated at 502°C (935°F) and
then water quenched. T4 temper is produced as a result of this heat
treatment.
Hot Working
Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy is hot worked in temperatures
ranging 149 and 204°C (300 to 400°F).
Hardening
Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy is hardened by a precipitation heat
treatment at 502°C (935°F). The alloy is then water quenched thus
producing T4 temper. Additional cold work after the hardening process
of this alloy produces other tempers. T6511 and T6510 tempers are
produced by heat treatment at 160°C (320°F).
Applications
Aluminium / Aluminum 2014 alloy is used in the manufacture of truck
frames and aircraft structures.