Sep 20 2012
Topics Covered
IntroductionChemical CompositionPhysical PropertiesMechanical PropertiesThermal PropertiesOther DesignationsFabrication and Heat Treatment Machinability Welding Hot Working Cold Working AnnealingApplications
Introduction
UNS C31600 leaded nickel-bearing bronze is an alloy containing copper, zinc and lead in specific amounts. It has excellent corrosion resistance and cold workability. C31600 alloy is generally stronger than C31400 alloy.
The following datasheet will discuss in detail about the UNS C31600 leaded nickel-bearing bronze.
Chemical Composition
The following table shows the chemical composition of UNS 31600 leaded bronze alloys.
| Element |
Content (%) |
| Cu |
89 |
| Pb |
1 |
| Ni |
1 |
| Zn |
8.1 |
Physical Properties
The physical properties of UNS C31600 leaded bronze alloys are given in the following table.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Density |
8.86 g/cm3 |
0.320 lb/in3 |
| Melting point |
1010°C |
1850°F |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of UNS C31600 leaded bronze alloys are tabulated below.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Tensile strength |
255-462 MPa |
37000-67000 psi |
| Yield strength (depending on temper) |
83.0-407 MPa |
12000-59000 psi |
| Elongation at break |
45.00% |
45.00% |
| Modulus of elasticity (in 304.8 mm) |
115 GPa |
16700 ksi |
| Machinability (UNS C36000 (free-cutting brass) = 100%) |
80% |
80% |
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of UNS C31600 leaded bronze alloys are tabulated below.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Thermal expansion coefficient (@20.0 - 300°C/ 68.0 - 572°F) |
18.4 µm/m°C |
10.2 µin/in°F |
| Thermal conductivity (@20.0°C/ 68.0°F) |
140 W/mK |
972 BTU-in/hr.ft².°F |
Other Designations
Other designations that are equivalent to UNS C31600 leaded bronze alloys include:
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Machinability
The machinability rate of C31600 leaded bronze alloys is 80.
Welding
C31600 leaded bronze alloys can be welded using soldering, brazing and butt welding. For this type of alloys, oxyacetylene welding, gas shielded arc welding, coated metal arc welding, seam welding and spot welding are not preferred.
Hot Working
C31600 leaded bronze alloys have poor hot working property.
Cold Working
C31600 leaded bronze alloys have good cold working property.
Annealing
Annealing of C31600 leaded bronze alloys is performed at temperatures ranging from 427 to 649°C (800 to 1200°F).
Applications
The following are the major applications of UNS C31600 leaded bronze alloys:
- Architectural hardware
- Pole line hardware
- Fasteners