Sep 27 2012
Topics Covered
Introduction
Chemical Composition
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Other Designations
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Annealing
Cold Working
Welding
Forging
Forming
Machinability
Heat Treatment
Hot Working
Aging
Hardening
Applications
Introduction
Aluminium / Aluminum alloys feature strong corrosion resistance.
These alloys are considered as good low-temperature alloys as their
strength increases when exposed to subzero temperatures and they lose
some of the strength when exposed to high temperatures. Aluminium /
Aluminum alloys are sensitive to high temperatures ranging between 200
and 250°C (392 and 482°F).
The following datasheet provides an overview of Aluminium / Aluminum
2011 alloy.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy is
outlined in the following table.
| Element |
Content
(%) |
| Aluminium / Aluminum, Al |
93.7 |
| Copper, Cu |
5.5 |
| Bismuth, Bi |
0.4 |
| Lead, Pb |
0.4 |
Physical Properties
The following table shows the physical properties of the Aluminium /
Aluminum 2011 alloy.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Density |
2.82 g/cm3 |
0.1018 lb/in3 |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy are
displayed in the following table.
| Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
| Elastic modulus |
70-80 GPa |
10152-11603 ksi |
| Poisson's ratio |
0.33 |
0.33 |
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy are given
in the following table.
| Properties |
Conditions |
| T
(ºC) |
Treatment |
| Thermal expansion |
23 (10-6/ºC) |
20-100 |
- |
| Thermal conductivity |
152 (W/mK) |
25 |
T3 |
Other Designations
Equivalent materials to Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy are:
- ASTM B210
- ASTM B211
- DIN 3.1056
- QQ A-225/3
- SAE J454
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Annealing
Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy is held for 2 to 3 h at 413°C
(775°F) and then it is cooled in a controlled manner at a rate of 10°C
(50°F) per hour down to 260°C (500°F) and finally cooled in air.
Cold Working
Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy can be cold worked by conventional
methods. This alloy has free-machining capability. Optimum strength for
this alloy can be achieved by an aging heat treatment after the cold
working process.
Welding
Welding is not recommended for Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy.
Forging
Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy can be forged or hot worked between
288 and 482°C (550 and 900°F).
Forming
Conventional methods are used to form, bend and shape Aluminium /
Aluminum 2011 alloy. The alloy is age hardened after being cold worked
in order to improve its strength properties.
Machinability
Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy is a free-machining alloy.
High-speed tool steel tooling and carbide tooling can be used for this
alloy. Rake angles should be 32° cutting edge, 10° clearance, 50° for
top rake and 15° side r ake. Light cutting can be done dry and heavy
cutting can be carried out by using oils.
Heat Treatment
Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy is heat treated at 510°C (950°F) to
obtain optimum strength. After being completely heat treated, this
alloy is water quenched and cold worked to a desired shape. It is
finally heated at 160°C (320°F) for 15 hours and then cooled in air.
Hot Working
Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy is hot worked at 288 to 482°C (550
to 900°F).
Aging
Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy is age hardened at 510°C (950°F)
then water quenched. This alloy can also be heated to 160°C (320°F) for
14 hours after being solution heated in order to produce T 8 temper.
Hardening
Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy is age hardened at 510°C (950°F) for
3 hours and then water quenched.
Applications
Aluminium / Aluminum 2011 alloy is used in the manufacture of
machine parts, screw machine products, tube fittings, pipe stems, hose
and atomizer parts and cigarette holders.