Sep 13 2012
Topics Covered
Introduction
Chemical Composition
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Other Designations
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Forming
Welding
Hot Working
Annealing
Applications
Introduction
Stainless steels are high-alloy steels, which have high corrosion resistance when compared to other steels due to the presence of large amounts of chromium. Based on their crystalline structure, they are further divided into ferritic, austenitic, and martensitic steels. Another group of stainless steels are known as precipitation-hardened steels. They are the combination of martensitic and austenitic steels.
Grade 201 stainless steel has good formability, corrosion resistance, and fabricability. It is similar to that of 301 stainless steel. The following datasheet gives more details about grade 201 stainless steel.
Chemical Composition
The following table shows the chemical composition of grade 201 stainless steel.
|
Element |
Content (%) |
|
Iron, Fe |
72 |
|
Chromium, Cr |
16.0 - 18.0 |
|
Manganese, Mn |
5.50 - 7.50 |
|
Nickel, Ni |
3.50 - 5.50 |
|
Silicon, Si |
1.0 |
|
Nitrogen, N |
0.25 |
|
Carbon, C |
0.15 |
Physical Properties
The physical properties of grade 201 stainless steel are given in the following table.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Density |
7.86 g/cm3 |
0.284 lb/in³ |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of annealed grade 201 stainless steel are displayed in the following table.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Tensile strength (transverse at room temperature) |
685 MPa |
99400 psi |
|
Tensile strength (longitudinal at room temperature) |
696 MPa |
101000 psi |
|
Yield strength (transverse at room temperature) |
292 MPa |
42400 psi |
|
Yield strength (longitudinal at room temperature) |
301 MPa |
43700 psi |
|
Compressive yield strength |
365 MPa |
52900 psi |
|
Elastic modulus |
197 GPa |
28573 ksi |
|
Poisson's ratio |
0.27-0.30 |
0.27-0.30 |
|
Elongation at break (longitudinal at room temperature) |
56% |
56% |
|
Elongation at break (transverse at room temperature) |
62.50% |
62.50% |
|
Hardness, Rockwell B (transverse at room temperature) |
85 |
85 |
|
Hardness, Rockwell B (longitudinal at room temperature) |
85 |
85 |
Thermal Properties
The following table outlines the thermal properties of grade 201 stainless steel.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@ 20-100°C/68-212°F) |
16.6 µm/m°C |
9.22 µin/in°F |
|
Thermal conductivity (@ 100°C/212°F) |
16.3 W/mK |
113 BTU in/hr.ft².°F |
Other Designations
Other designations that are equivalent to grade 201 stainless steel include:
-
ASTM A213
-
ASTM A240
-
ASTM A249
-
ASTM A276
-
ASTM A412
-
ASTM A666
-
QQ S766
-
ASME SA412
-
SAE 30201
-
SAE J405 (30201)
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Forming
Grade 201 stainless steel can be formed using all commonly employed forming methods and pressures similar to that of 300 series stainless steels.
Welding
Grade 201 stainless steel can be welded using all conventional welding techniques.
Hot Working
Grade 201 stainless steel is hot worked at 1149-1232°C (2100-2250°F).
Annealing
Grade 201 stainless steel is annealed at 1010-1093°C (1850-2000°F). Temperature should not be exceeded above 2000°F in order to avoid scaling. It is rapidly cooled to prevent crystallization of carbides.
Applications
Grade 201 stainless steel is used in structural members, different kinds of severely formed parts, and siding and roofing for railway cars and trailers.