Nov 15 2012
Topics Covered
Introduction
Chemical Composition
Physical properties
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Machinability
Forming
Welding
Heat Treatment
Forging
Hot Working
Cold Working
Annealing
Hardening
Applications
Introduction
Super alloys or high performance alloys are divided into three groups such as cobalt-based, nickel-based, and iron-based alloys. They have the capacity to function under high temperatures and severe mechanical stress. They are also utilized in areas which require high surface stability. They have good creep and oxidation resistance.
Incoloy 909™ is a nickel-cobalt-iron alloy. It has high stability, good strength, constant thermal expansion coefficient, and constant elastic modulus. The following datasheet gives an overview of Incoloy 909™.
Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of Incoloy 909™ is outlined in the following table.
|
Elements |
Content (%) |
|
Iron, Fe |
42 |
|
Nickel, Ni |
38 |
|
Cobalt, Co |
13 |
|
Niobium, Nb |
4.7 |
|
Titanium, Ti |
1.5 |
|
Silicon, Si |
0.4 |
|
Aluminum, Al |
0.03 |
|
Carbon, C |
0.01 |
Physical properties
The physical properties of Incoloy 909™ are given in the following table.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Density |
8.30 g/cm³ |
0.300 lb/in³ |
|
Melting point |
1422°C |
2590°F |
Mechanical Properties
The following table shows the mechanical properties of Incoloy 909™.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Tensile strength (precipitation hardened. value at room temperature) |
1300 MPa |
189000 psi |
|
Yield strength (@ strain 0.200%, precipitation hardened, value at room temperature) |
1140 MPa |
165000 psi |
|
Elongation at break (precipitation hardened) |
15% |
15% |
Thermal Properties
The thermal properties of Incoloy 909™ are displayed in the following table.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@ 20-427°C/68-801°F) |
7.70 µm/m°C |
4.28 µin/in°F |
|
Thermal conductivity |
14.8 W/mK |
103 BTU.in/hr.ft².°F |
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Machinability
Incoloy 909™ can be machined using conventional machining methods which are usually used for iron-based alloys. Machining operations are performed using commercial coolants. High-speed operations such as grinding, milling or turning, are performed using water-base coolants.
Forming
Incoloy 909™ can be formed using all conventional techniques.
Welding
Incoloy 909™ is welded using gas-tungsten arc welding, shielded metal-arc welding, gas metal-arc welding, and submerged-arc welding methods.
Heat Treatment
Incoloy 909™ is heat treated by annealing at 983°C (1800°F) followed by cooling.
Forging
Incoloy 909™ is forged at 1060 to 1122°C (1940 to 2050°F).
Hot Working
Incoloy 909™ is hot worked at 983 to 1038°C (1800 to 1900°F).
Cold Working
Incoloy 909™ is cold worked using standard tooling.
Annealing
Incoloy 909™ is annealed at 983°C (1800°F) followed by cooling.
Hardening
Incoloy 909™ can be hardened by thermal aging and cold working.
Applications
Incoloy 909™ is used in high temperature bolting applications, gas turbine shrouds, and gauge blocks.