Sep 20 2012
Topics Covered
Introduction
Chemical Composition
Physical Properties
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Other Designations
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Machinability
Welding
Hot Working
Cold Working
Annealing
Hardening
Applications
Introduction
Stainless steels are high-alloy steels which have higher corrosion resistance than other steels owing to the presence of large amounts of chromium in the range of 4 to 30%.
Stainless steels are classified into martensitic, ferritic and austenitic based on their crystalline structure. In addititon, they form another group known as precipitation-hardened steels, which are a combination of martensitic and austenitic steels.
The following datasheet will provide more details about grade 305 stainless steel, which has maximum formability, good strength and corrosion resistance.
Chemical Composition
The following table shows the chemical composition of grade 305 stainless steel.
|
Element |
Content (%) |
|
Iron, Fe |
67 |
|
Chromium, Cr |
18 |
|
Nickel, Ni |
12 |
|
Manganese, Mn |
≤ 2 |
|
Silicon, Si |
≤ 1 |
|
Carbon, C |
0.12 |
|
Phosphorous, P |
0.045 |
|
Sulfur, S |
0.030 |
Physical Properties
The physical properties of grade 305 stainless steel are given in the following table.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Density |
8 g/cm3 |
0.289 lb/in³ |
|
Melting point |
1454°C |
2650°F |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of annealed grade 305 stainless steel are displayed in the following table.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Tensile strength, ultimate |
585 MPa |
84800 psi |
|
Tensile strength, yield (@0.2%) |
260 MPa |
37700 psi |
|
Modulus of elasticity |
193 GPa |
28000 ksi |
|
Shear modulus |
86 GPa |
12500 ksi |
|
Elongation at break (in 50 mm) |
50 |
50 |
|
Hardness, Brinell |
80 |
80 |
|
Hardness, Knoop (converted from Brinell hardness) |
97 |
97 |
|
Hardness, Rockwell B (converted from Brinell hardness) |
45 |
45 |
|
Hardness, Vickers (converted from Brinell hardness) |
82 |
82 |
Thermal Properties
The following table outlines the thermal properties of grade 305 stainless steel.
|
Properties |
Metric |
Imperial |
|
Thermal expansion co-efficient (@0-100°C/32-212°F) |
17.3 µm/m°C |
9.61 µin/in°F |
|
Thermal conductivity (@0-100°C/32-212°F) |
16.3 W/mK |
113 BTU in/hr.ft².°F |
Other Designations
Other designations that are equivalent to grade 305 stainless steel include the following.
|
AMS 5514 |
ASTM A240 |
ASTM A478 |
QQ S766 |
|
AMS 5686 |
ASTM A249 |
ASTM A492 |
DIN 1.4303 |
|
ASME SA193 |
ASTM A276 |
ASTM A493 |
UNI X 8 CrNi 19 10 |
|
ASME SA194 |
ASTM A313 |
ASTM A511 |
JIS SUS 305 |
|
ASME SA240 |
ASTM A314 |
ASTM A554 |
JIS SUS 305 J1 |
|
ASTM A167 |
ASTM A320 (B8P, B8PA) |
ASTM A580 |
SAE 30305 |
|
ASTM A193 (B8P, B8PA) |
ASTM A368 |
DIN 1.4303 |
SAE J405 (30305) |
|
ASTM A194 (8P, 8PA) |
ASTM A473 |
QQ S763 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Machinability
Grade 305 stainless steel can be machined through slow speeds and heavy feeds.
Welding
Grade 305 stainless steel can be welded using most of the resistance and fusion methods. Oxyacetylene welding is not preferred for this steel.
Hot Working
Hot working of grade 305 stainless steel can be done at 1149 to 1260°C (2100 to 2300°F). This process is followed by rapid cooling to obtain maximum corrosion resistance.
Cold Working
Grade 305 stainless steel can be drawn, spun, headed and blanked due to its low work hardening rate.
Annealing
Grade 305 stainless steel can be annealed at temperature ranging from 1010 to 1121°C (1850 to 2050°F) followed by rapid cooling.
Hardening
Grade 305 stainless steel is unresponsive to heat treatment. The hardness and strength of the steel can be increased through cold working.
Applications
The following are the major applications of grade 305 stainless steel:
-
Spun or deep drawn eyelets
-
Barrels
-
Shells
-
Cold headed rivets or screws